Making the Transition Work for Women in Europe and Central Asia, Parts 63-411Marnia Lazreg World Bank Publications, 2000 - 113 pages Women in the Europe and Central Asia region complain about loss of employment, sexual harassment, violence, poor enforcement of the law, poor political representation, and poor health care. Many greet these complaints with skepticism or dismissal. Is it economic expedience due to the sheer magnitude of the changes taking place under the transition? Did the Soviet legacy delude observers into believing that there is gender equality in the region? While budgets shrink, how can gender be integrated into country department work programs? To answer these and other pressing questions regarding the gender issue, the World Bank held a conference in June 1999. Women from the ECA region, Western Europe and the United States gathered to address the lack of Bank knowledge of gender issues in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia Region. The papers from the conference included in this volume describe the present conditions for women, emphasize the need to debunk the myth of gender equality in the Soviet era, and propose urgent legislative measures to address gender disparity. This publication gives women the opportunity to voice their concerns regarding this issue. It will be of interest to regional gender experts, ministries, and think tanks. |
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abortion agricultural average bride kidnapping Bulgaria CEE countries Central and Eastern Central Asia changes child childcare communist cultural Czech Republic discrimination domestic violence Eastern Europe economic employers equal opportunities Europe and Central European Union factors family planning farming female employment feminization Figure gender asymmetry gender equality gender issues household plots Hungary impact income increased Kazakhstan labor force labor market legislation male market economy maternity leave NGOs number of women part-time participation percent of women Poland political population post-Soviet poverty principle of equal problems proportion of women prostitution rates region retirement savings role Romania rural Russia Russian Federation sector sexual situation Slovakia Slovenia social society Soviet Table Tajikistan tion traditional trafficking in women transition Ukraine Ukrainian unemployed UNICEF violence against women wages woman Women's Health workers World Bank Zavadskaya
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Page 89 - discrimination against women" shall mean any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.
Page 89 - racial discrimination' as: 'any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life.
Page 12 - We commit ourselves to promoting social integration by fostering societies that are stable, safe and just and that are based on the promotion .and protection of all human rights, as well as on non-discrimination, tolerance, respect for diversity, equality of opportunity, solidarity, security, and participation of all people, including disadvantaged and vulnerable groups and persons...
Page 12 - We commit ourselves to promoting the goal of full employment as a basic priority of our economic and social policies, and to enabling all men and women to attain secure and sustainable livelihoods through freely chosen productive employment and work.
Page 53 - ... those marrying at 30 or over are to be expected anyway because the interval between marriage and the birth of the first child is much less than the later birth intervals and this will cause the fertility rates of women bearing their first child after a marriage above 30 to appear higher than those who married younger even if the true fertility position were the same. The differences, however, are much too large to be accounted...
Page 7 - From Hoes to Hoes: State Policy, Agricultural Mechanization and Women's Work Under Central Planning', Review of Radical Political Economics 26(4), December.
Page 35 - ... companies that involve limited capital investment and low risk, such as property leasing and retail trade, other than shopkeeping. They are also active in catering where family resources can be used. Where women do operate as shopkeepers, they tend to set up in low risk areas that offer the potential for growth, suggesting that a safe livelihood is more important to them than high profits. According to a 1998 survey of entrepreneurs by the Hungarian Small Enterprises Society, women are more cautious...
Page 90 - Deconstructing Yugoslavia', Survival, vol. XXXIII. no.4, 1991, pp.291-311. indications of the moves towards Slovenian independence which would occur at the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the '90s.
Page 47 - The plot is a lot of work and I can't leave it now. I never stop." "People have bigger plots than before and keep a lot more livestock because of the economic situation. They try and rely on themselves as much as they can. I have no free time at all. I teach and I have three children and a large plot.