tion was extremely severe for the little time it lasted, but the disproportion of numbers was so great, that the enemy was on the point of surrounding our troops, when the Marquis arrived in person just time enough to order a retreat, by which they were rescued from their hazardous situation, after suffering considerable loss. Great encomiums were passed on the Marquis, for his humanity and goodness, in visiting and administering to the relief of the wounded soldiers. During the siege of lord Cornwallis, at Yorktown, the Marquis was among the most active and intrepid of the general officers, and he commanded a detachment of our light infantry, which successfully assaulted the British redoubt, on the right of our lines. (During his military career in America, the Marquis displayed that patriotism, integrity, humanity, and every other virtue, which characterize real greatness of soul. The most affectionate attachment subsisted between him and the illustrious chief, under whose banners it was his delight to serve, and whose language was-"This nobleman unites to all the military fire of youth, an uncommon maturity of judgement." His very soul burned with the spirit of enterprise, and he manifested a disinterestedness and devotion in the cause of freedom, ever to be admired and applauded by a grateful people. / / In December, 1784, when the Marquis was about to take his final departure from America, congress appointed a committee, consisting of one member from each state, to receive him, and in the name of congress to take leave of him, in such a manner as might strongly manifest their esteem and regard for him. The Marquis, on this occasion, made a very respectful and affectionate reply, and thus concluded his address: "May this immense temple of freedom ever stand as a lesson to oppressors, an example to the oppressed, a sanctuary for the rights of mankind; and may these happy United States, attain that complete splendour and prosperity, which will illustrate the blessings of their government, and for ages to come, rejoice the departed souls of its founders. Never can congress oblige me so much as when they put it in my power, in every part of the world, to the latest day of my life, to gratify the attachment which will ever rank me among the most zealous and respectful servants of the United States." In the same year, the university of Cambridge, and Princeton college, conferred on him the honorary degree of doctor of laws. He was also elected a member of the American academy of arts and sciences, and of the American philosophical society. At length, after a lapse of forty years, this illustrious hero has again visited our shores. His reception has been splendid beyond description, and language fails to represent the spontaneous burst of feeling it has created. History presents no parallel. From one extremity of this great republic to the other, every pen is occupied in spreading his fame; every tongue is pronouncing his eulogies, and the whole collected mass of citizens is endeavouring to render him that homage he so justly merits. Hail to the hero!-shout millions of voices, GREENE, NATHANIEL, a major-general in the American army, was born at Warwick, Rhode-Island, about the year 1740. He was particularly distinguished for his attainments in mathematics and natural philosophy, and at an early period of life was called to a seat in the legislature of his native state. Being thus introduced into the councils of his country, at a time, when the rights of the subject, and the powers of the ruler, were beginning to be topics of liberal discussion, he did not hesitate openly to avow his sentiments, and oppose all tyrannical proceedings on the part of parliament. His character however was not fully developed until the commencement of the troubles which terminated in our independence. It was then, his noble spirit aspired to lead in the public councils, as well as in the field. At the commencement of hostilities, he was appointed to the command of three regiments of militia, with the rank of brigadier-general, and at the head of which, he marched to Cambridge. On the arrival of the commander-in-chief, at head-quarters, he availed himself of an early opportunity, to express his attachment and satisfaction in his appointment. This incident was the happy prelude to a friendship between these two great and illustrious officers, which death alone had the power to dissolve. No sooner did the commanderin-chief become thoroughly acquainted with his character and merits, the ardour of his patriotism, the integrity of his heart, his profound judgment and sagacity in council, and the firmness and gallantry of his spirit in the field, than he regularly consulted him, in different emergencies, and received his opinions with uncommon deference. And as an honourable testimonial of his estima tion and confidence of his capacity and worth, the commander-in-chief frequently expressed an anxious wish, that in case of his death, or disability, he might be appointed his successor, in the supreme command. In August, 1776, he was promoted by congress to the rank of major-general in the regular army. In the battles of Trenton and Brandywine, as well as in that of Princeton, January 2, 1777, he bore a very distinguished part. In the battle of Germantown, on the fourth of October, he had the honour to command the left wing of the army. In 1778, he was appointed quarter-master-general, which he reluctantly accepted, on condition that his rank should not be affected, and that he should retain his command in time of action. In June following, he commanded the right wing of the army in the battle of Monmouth, and for his gallantry and good conduct, received the thanks of congress. On the twenty-ninth of August, he exhibited great military skill, in drawing off the American army from Rhode-Island, after the French fleet had left the harbour. Towards the close of the year 1779, he resigned the office of quartermaster-general, and was succeeded by colonel Pickering. In those scenes, through which we have traced his military career, he acted only in a subordinate capacity. We are now to behold him *in the supreme command of the southern section of the United States. The theatre of war, on which he is now to exhibit himself, is in extent, commensurate with abilities of the widest compass: and the difficulties and dangers he is destined to encounter, are sufficiently formidable to test the fortitude and firmness of the most unyielding spirit, and give ample employment to all the resources of talents and skill. Rarely has a leader of armies, in any country, been placed in a situation so fearfully calculated to measure the genius, and try the soul. Greatly to acquit himself under such circumstances, he must rank with the ablest captains on the brightest page of military annals. With a few rare and brilliant exceptions, the war, from its first commencement, in the south, had been in that quarter, but little else than a series of disasters to the arms of freedom. On the 3d December, 1780, he superseded general Gates, in the command of the southern army, under the most discouraging appearances. The army, consisting mostly of militia, amounted to less than two thousand men. He found them without arms, clothing, or ammunition, and but three day's provisions. In front, was an enemy, proud in victory, and too strong to be encountered; around, and in his rear, a country exhausted, dispirited, and in many parts, disaffected. With such means and under such circumstances, to recover two states already conquered, and protect a third very seriously menaced, constituted a task almost hopeless. The kind of warfare that alone was suited to these purposes, was of the most perplexing and arduous character; and to conduct it successfully, called for consummate and diversified abilities. With Washington in his eye, and his own genius to devise his measures, he resolved on cautious movements, and protracted war. Having recruited the army, and organized its officers, he sent out a detachment under the brave general Morgan, who gained the important victory at the Cowpens, January 17, 1781. This battle gave a new turn to affairs in the south, and augured favourably of his future career. It led to one of the most arduous, ably conducted, and memorable operations, that occurred in the revolutionary war-the retreat of Greene, and the pursuit of lord Cornwallis, during the inclemencies of winter, from |