given in at the end of 1824, he received 99, Mr. Adams 84, Mr. Crawford 41, and Mr. Clay 37. The election devolving on the House of Representatives, Mr.Adams was chosen by the representatives of a majority of the states.

In 1828, and again in 1832, General Jackson was elected by 178 electoral votes against 83 given to Mr. Adams. On the third trial in 1832, General Jackson had a majority of 170 electorial votes over his opponent, Mr. Clay.

The first term of General Jackson's administration was distinguished by the removal of the Indians to the western border of the Mississippi, and the veto of the bank charter, both which measures were approved by the people. His second administration was marked by the outbreak of nullification in South Carolina, which was undoubtedly suppressed by the firmness of the president, which rendered the malecontents eager for a compromise. The other great events of this term were the removal of the bank deposits, the censure vote of the senate, and its being expunged, and, finally, the threatened outbreak with France, which was averted by Jackson's firmness and intrepidity.

General Jackson retired from the office of president on the 4th of March, 1837. He survived his presidency somewhat more than eight years, dying at his residence, the "Hermitage," near Nashville, on the 8th of June, 1845. Though enfeebled in body, he retained his mental faculties, apparently undiminished till the day of his death.

"The violence of political strife," says a late writer, "will long confuse men's judgment of his character and abilities as a whole; but will accord to him the praise of great firmness, energy, decision, and disinterestedness-of remarkable military skill and ardent patriotism.

SERGEANT JASPER.

JASPER was a man of strong mind, but as it had not been cultivated by education, he modestly declined the acceptance of a commission, which was offered to him. His conduct, however, merits particular notice, and his name is entitled to a page in the history of fame. At the commencement of the revolutionary war, Jasper enlisted in the second South Carolina regiment of infantry, commanded by Colonel Moultrie, as a sergeant. He distingnished himself in a particular manner at the attack which was made upon Fort Moultrie, on Sullivan's island, the 28th of June, 1776. In the warmest part of the contest, the flag-staff was severed by a cannon ball, and the flag fell to the bottom of the ditch, on the outside of the works. This accident was considered by the anxious inhabitants of Charleston as putting an end to the contest, by striking the American flag to the enemy. The moment that Jasper made discovery that the flag had fallen, he jumped from one of the embrasures, and mounted the colours, which he tied to a sponge staff, and replanted them on the parapet, where he supported them until another flag-staff was procured. The subsequent activity and enterprise of this patriot, induced Colonel Moultrie to give him a sort of a roving commission, to go and come at pleasure, confident that he was always usefully employed. He was privileged to select such men from the regiment as he chose to accompany him in his enterprises. His parties consisted of five or six; and he often returned with prisoners before Moultrie was apprised of his absence. Jasper was distinguished for his humane treatment when an enemy fell into his power. His ambition appears to have been limited to the characteristics of bravery, humanity and usefulness, to the cause in which he engaged. When it was in his power to kill, but not capture, it was his practice to permit a single prisoner

to escape. By his sagacity and enterprise, he often succeeded in the capture of those who were lying in ambush for him. In one of these excursions, an instance of bravery and humanity is recorded by the biographer of General Marion, which would stagger credulity, if it was not well attested. While he was examining the British camp at Ebenezer, all the sympathy of his kind heart was awakened by the distresses of Mrs. Jones, whose husband, an American by birth, had taken the king's protection, and been confined in irons for deserting the royal cause, after he had taken the oath of allegiance. Her well-founded belief was, "that nothing short of the life of her husband would atone for the offence with which he was charged. Anticipating the awful scene of a beloved husband expiring upon the gibbet, had excited inexpressible emotions of grief and distraction.

Jasper secretly consulted with his companion, Sergeant Newton, whose feelings for the distressed female and her child, were equally excited with his own, upon the practicability of releasing Jones from his impending fate. Though they were unable to suggest a plan of operation, they had determined to watch for the most favourable opportunity, and make the effort. The departure of Jones and several others (all in irons) to Savannah, for trial, under a guard consisting of a sergeant, a corporal, and eight men, was ordered upon the succeeding morning. Within two miles of Savannah, about thirty yards from the main road, is a spring of fine water, surrounded by a deep and thick underwood, where travellers often halt to refresh themselves with a cool draught from the pure fountain. Jasper and his companion considered this the most favourable to their enterprize. They accordingly passed the guard and concealed themselves near the spring. When the enemy came up, they halted, and only two of the guard remained with the prisoners while the others leaned their guns against trees in a careless 'manner and went to the spring. Jasper and Newton

seized two of the muskets, and disabled two sentinels. The possession of all the arms placed the enemy in their power, and compelled them to surrender. The irons were taken off, and put into the hands of those who had been prisoners, and the whole party arrived at Perrysburg the next morning and joined the American camp. There are but few instances upon record, where personal exertions, even for self-preservation from certain death would have induced resort to an act so desperate of execution. How much more laudable was this where the spring to action was roused by the lamentation of a female, unknown to the adventurers.

Subsequent to the gallant defence of Sullivan's Island, Colonel Moultrie's regiment was presented with a stand of colours by Mrs. Elliot, which she had richly embroidered with her own hands, and as a reward for Jasper's particular merit, Governor Rutledge presented him with a very handsome sword. During the assault against Savannah, two officers had been killed, and one wounded endeavouring to plant these colours upon the enemy's parapet of the spring hill redoubt. Just before the retreat was ordered, Jasper endeavoured to replace them upon the works, and while he was in the act, received a mortal wound and fell into the ditch. When the retreat was ordered he recollected the honourable conditions upon which the donor presented the colours of the regiment, and among the last acts of his life succeeded in bringing them off. Major Horry called to see him soon after the retreat, to whom, it is said, he made the following communication: "I have got my furlough. That sword was presented to me by Governor Rutledge for my services in defence of Fort Moultrie; give it to my father, and tell him, I wore it in honour. If the old man should weep, tell him his son died in hopes of a better life. Tell Mrs. Elliott that I lost my life in supporting the colours, which she presented to our regiment. Should you ever see Jones, wife and son, tell them Jasper is gone, but the remembrance of that battle which he

He

fought for them, brought a secret joy into my heart, when it was about to stop its motions for ever." expired in a few minutes after closing this sentence

ARTEMAS WARD.

ARTEMAS WARD, the first major-general in the American army, was graduated at Harvard college in 1743, and was afterwards a representative in the Legislature, a member of the council, and a justice of the court of common pleas for Worcester county, Massachusetts. When the war commenced with Great Britain he was appointed by Congress first majorgeneral, June 17, 1775. After the arrival of Washington, in July, when disposition was made of the troops for the siege of Boston, the command of the right wing of the army at Roxbury was intrusted to General Ward. He resigned his commission in April, 1776, though he continued some time longer in command at the request of Washington. He afterwards devoted himself to the duties of civil life. He was a member of Congress both before and after the adoption of the present constitution. After a long decline, in which he exhibited the most exemplary patience, he died at Shrewsbury, October 28, 1800, aged seventythree years. He was a man of incorruptible integrity. So fixed and unyielding were the principles which governed him, that his conscientiousness in lesser concerns was by some ascribed to bigotry.